Proceedings of nanoGe September Meeting 2015 (NFM15)
Publication date: 8th June 2015
In the last two decades, the wet-chemical synthesis of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals of II-VI, IV-VI and III-V compounds has taken a high flight. This led to a word wide access to suspensions of nanocrystals with specific size and shape, various surface capping and bright emission. Due to their monodisperse size and shape, small dimensions, and opto-electrical function, colloidal nanocrystals are of huge interest for the study of colloid self-assembly and the fabrication of nanostructured materials with novel opto-electric or thermo-electric functions.
I would like to distinguish the non-reactive self-assembly of inert nanocrystals, driven by dispersion forces and entropy, from the reactive assembly driven by facet-to-facet chemical bonding. The first type of self-assembly has led to a plethora of single-component and binary nanocrystal superlattices with considerable structural diversity. From a materials viewpoint, new electric, magnetic, and optical properties have been demonstrated. However, the quantum mechanical coupling between the building blocks is weak. Reactive self-assembly has resulted into two-dimensional atomically coherent semiconductors with remarkable geometry and strong electronic coupling between the nanocrystal sites. Of special interest are honeycomb semiconductors, since theory predicts Dirac-type electronic conduction and valence bands, and the occurrence of the quantum spin Hall effect.
I will discuss the theoretically predicted electronic band structure. I will show and discuss the first density-of-state measurements on honeycomb semiconductors and the transport characteristics of electrons and holes in these systems. Finally, the optical properties of freely suspended honeycomb semiconductors will be compared to those of simple quantum wells with the same thickness and same atomic lattice. In this way, the peculiar properties related to the honeycomb geometry can be demonstrated.
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