Engineered Semiconductor Quantum Dots for Solar Energy Conversion
Victor I. Klimov a
a Los Alamos National Laboratory, US, MS-J567, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States
Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of nanoGe September Meeting 2015 (NFM15)
Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 2015 September 6th - 15th
Invited Speaker, Victor I. Klimov, presentation 207
Publication date: 8th June 2015

Quantum-confined semiconductor nanocrystals, or “quantum dots,” are promising materials for applications in low-cost solar cells fabricated using solution-based methods. In addition to solution processability, they feature size/shape-tunable optical spectra, as well as a variety of novel physical properties that can enable fundamentally new schemes of solar energy conversion. Specifically, several recent reports have demonstrated the great potential of colloidal nanocrystals for the realization of generation-III photovoltaics by employing concepts such as hot-electron extraction and carrier multiplication, that is, generation of multiple electron-hole pairs by single photons.

This presentation provides an overview of fundamental and applied studies of quantum dots conducted in the context of solar energy conversion. The specific topics will include applications of “Stokes-shift-engineered” quantum dots in luminescent solar concentrators [1], charge transport properties of quantum dot assemblies evaluated via a novel technique of ultrafast photoconductivity, charge transfer at quantum-dot-metal-oxide interfaces [2], and the recent progress in understanding of carrier multiplication in quantum confined materials [3, 4]. The discussion of carrier multiplication will focus on spectroscopic versus photoconductive signatures of photogenerated multiexcitons, the effect of structural parameters such as particle size, shape, and composition on carrier multiplication yields, and recent efforts on increasing multiexciton production by controlling a competing process of intraband cooling.  



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