DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matnec.2022.014
Publication date: 23rd February 2022
Sequential learning, the training and correct prediction of recurring sequences of different events, is one of the core capabilities of biological brains and has many potential technological applications, e.g., in natural language processing or anomaly detection. Here we focus on a concept for sequence learning inspired by the Spiking Temporal Memory (Spiking TM) algorithm [1]. This algorithm allows for continuous learning in a sparsely active network, which promises energy efficiency and makes it favorable for edge IoT applications. To overcome the shortfalls and limitations of an implementation of this algorithm on conventional von-Neumann machines, in this work we propose mapping of this algorithm on a CMOS-co-integrated resistive switching ReRAM crossbar array. ReRAM devices are two terminal resistive switching devices with voltage-history dependent resistance and are considered low power and low area realizations for weights in neural networks.
In a first step, we illustrate the biologically inspired core principles of the spiking TM algorithm including prediction, inhibition, and firing-rate homeostasis and explain how they are adapted in a spiking array-wide learning rule. This Hebbian-type learning rule is facilitated solely by the neuron circuitry outside of the ReRAM crossbar array. Therefore, weights can be realized by a simple one-transistor-one-ReRAM-device (1T1R) structure. As the number of weights scales quadratically with the number of neurons, this structure is beneficial for the scaling behavior of the architecture. It is important to point out that the spatial and temporal locality of the Spiking TM algorithm can nevertheless be conserved in the proposed learning rule.
Circuit-level simulations of the array and its periphery are conducted employing the physics-based JART VCM v1b model [2]. After illustrating the training procedure, we show how the system successfully learns context sensitivity, e.g., to discriminate between different sequences which share a subset of sequence elements (high-order sequences) and investigate the energy consumption during training.
nanoGe is a prestigious brand of successful science conferences that are developed along the year in different areas of the world since 2009. Our worldwide conferences cover cutting-edge materials topics like perovskite solar cells, photovoltaics, optoelectronics, solar fuel conversion, surface science, catalysis and two-dimensional materials, among many others.
Previously nanoGe Spring Meeting (NSM) and nanoGe Fall Meeting (NFM), MATSUS is a multiple symposia conference focused on a broad set of topics of advanced materials preparation, their fundamental properties, and their applications, in fields such as renewable energy, photovoltaics, lighting, semiconductor quantum dots, 2-D materials synthesis, charge carriers dynamics, microscopy and spectroscopy semiconductors fundamentals, etc.
International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV) is celebrated yearly in May. The main topics are the development, function and modeling of materials and devices for hybrid and organic solar cells. The field is now dominated by perovskite solar cells but also other hybrid technologies, as organic solar cells, quantum dot solar cells, and dye-sensitized solar cells and their integration into devices for photoelectrochemical solar fuel production.
Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics
The main topics of the Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics (IPEROP) are discussed every year in Asia-Pacific for gathering the recent advances in the fields of material preparation, modeling and fabrication of perovskite and hybrid and organic materials. Photovoltaic devices are analyzed from fundamental physics and materials properties to a broad set of applications. The conference also covers the developments of perovskite optoelectronics, including light-emitting diodes, lasers, optical devices, nanophotonics, nonlinear optical properties, colloidal nanostructures, photophysics and light-matter coupling.
The International Conference on Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics Perovskite Photonics and Optoelectronics (NIPHO) is the best place to hear the latest developments in perovskite solar cells as well as on recent advances in the fields of perovskite light-emitting diodes, lasers, optical devices, nanophotonics, nonlinear optical properties, colloidal nanostructures, photophysics and light-matter coupling.