Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2025 Conference (MATSUSSpring25)
Publication date: 16th December 2024
In the last years, the family of MAX phases has been growing rapidly to over 300 different compounds, whereof roughly half the compounds are solid-solutions. Amongst them, solid-solution phases with mixing on the X-site are considerably underrepresented and only few phases exhibit elemental mixing on more than one lattice site at a time.[1]
Here, we introduce a new solid-solution MAX phase by incorporating additional elements on all three lattice sites: a Super-MAX phase with the general formula (M1-xM’x)2(A1-yA’y)(X1-zX’z). While carbides can be readily synthesized from the respective elements, the synthesis of nitrides and carbonitrides often requires the use of precursors due to the gaseous nature and high stability of elemental nitrogen. Therefore, in a first step, binary nitride precursors were synthesized by non-conventional microwave-assisted heating. The subsequent formation of the triple-site MAX phase solid-solution is conducted by either using microwave heating or conventional furnace heating.
We show (V1-xCrx)2(Ga1-yGey)(C1-zNz) as a first example of a Super-MAX phase. Refined lattice parameters show the expected distortion of the crystal structure by introducing elements of different atom sizes. Element-specific measurements further proof the formation of the new super-MAX phase.
As new members of the MAX phase family, these compounds are promising precursors for new MXenes with tailored properties due to their complex chemical composition.
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