Progress towards roll to roll perovskite modules
Trystan Watson a
a SPECIFIC, College of Engineering Swansea University, SPECIFIC, Baglan Bay Innovation Centre, Central Avenue, Baglan, Port Talbot, SA12 7AX, United Kingdom
Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2025 Conference (MATSUSSpring25)
Future of Metal Halide Perovskites: Fundamental Approaches and Technological Challenges - #PerFut25
Sevilla, Spain, 2025 March 3rd - 7th
Organizers: Annalisa Bruno and Pablo P. Boix
Invited Speaker, Trystan Watson, presentation 537
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusspring.2025.537
Publication date: 16th December 2024

The commercial success of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) depends on transitioning from lab-scale fabrication to high-throughput, low-cost manufacturing. Roll-to-roll (R2R) processing presents an ideal route, offering continuous production with reduced material waste. However, the shift from batch processing to fully inline deposition introduces challenges in coating uniformity, interlayer compatibility and defect control. These issues must be addressed to unlock the full potential of perovskites for industrial-scale photovoltaics.

This talk will provide a broad overview of R2R deposition strategies for PSCs, focusing on SnO₂ electron transport layers, PEDOT and SAM-based hole transport layers, perovskite absorber layers, P3HT, and solution-processed carbon electrodes. A key emphasis will be on scalable approaches to layer deposition, particularly slot-die coating, and how solvent engineering and interfacial adhesion strategies can overcome the challenges of high-speed perovskite module fabrication. Recent advancements in fully solution-processed electrode deposition will also be discussed, particularly the replacement of evaporated metal contacts with carbon-based alternatives, demonstrating a pathway toward fully printed, low-cost, and highly stable PSCs.

Looking ahead, building on our existing work on registration-based interconnects, we aim to explore laser-patterned interconnects as a route to improving module performance while reducing processing complexity. The next steps also include integrating real-time quality control and inline lamination of encapsulation layers to further enhance the scalability and long-term stability of R2R perovskite module manufacturing. These developments will be critical for bridging the gap between laboratory-scale advances and commercially viable roll-to-roll perovskite solar production.

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