The integration of plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) into perovskite-based optoelectronic devices offers transformative opportunities to significantly enhance the performance of both perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Perovskite materials, renowned for their exceptional properties—including strong absorption, long carrier diffusion lengths, tunable bandgap, high quantum yield, and narrow emission profiles—are at the forefront of next-generation optoelectronics. However, their full potential remains untapped due to persistent challenges: PeLEDs require further optimization of quantum yield, color purity, and angular light control, amongst others, while PSCs, particularly tandem configurations with narrow-bandgap perovskites, face limitations in absorption capacity that hinder efficiency improvements.

Our research considers meticulous simulation to embed plasmonic NPs randomly distributed into perovskite structures (Figure 1), yielding significant enhancements in their optical properties. By optimizing parameters such as NP composition (Ag, Au, Cu), size, and volumetric concentration, we establish robust design principles to harness plasmonic resonances in optoelectronic devices [1-3].

Rigorous simulations based on the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method demonstrate a three-fold increase in photoluminescence from CsPbBr₃ films embedded with spherical Ag NPs, in comparison to reference films without NPs. This NP design also enables precise control of light directionality, improving device performance across diverse applications. For solar cell applications, our modeling predicts substantial absorption enhancements in perovskite films containing plasmonic NPs. For all-perovskite tandem solar cells, we achieve a 2% absolute improvement in power conversion efficiency for Sn-based perovskites [4]. These gains stem from synergistic near- and far-field plasmonic effects, which also mitigate parasitic absorption and enable the use of thinner perovskite films. Thinner films enhance charge collection and reduce the amount of lead required, addressing both performance and environmental concerns.

We present recent experimental results demonstrating the stable combination of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals and plasmonic NPs in polar solvents [5]. This approach eliminates the need for encapsulation, allowing seamless integration of near- and far-field plasmonic effects, and expanding practical applications.