Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2025 Conference (MATSUSSpring25)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusspring.2025.317
Publication date: 16th December 2024
Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) show great promise as active gain materials for integrated photonics due to their solution processability. Unlike conventional semiconductors, colloidal QD layers can be directly deposited on various substrates using simple coating techniques such as spin coating, inkjet printing, or drop-casting. Recent advances in QD research have demonstrated their utility as low-threshold laser materials with remarkable robustness and stability.1,2 In this study, we utilized so-called type-(I+II) QDs2 to demonstrate well-behaved microdisk lasers.
Type-(I+II) QDs were recently introduced in the context of research into liquid QD lasing.2,3 They feature large optical-gain cross-sections and long optical gain lifetimes of ~3 ns. The latter property stems from a novel optical gain mechanism in which optical gain species are hybrid direct/indirect biexcitons with slow, trion-like Auger recombination. Due to their excellent optical-gain properties, type-(I+II) QDs are well suited for implementing both liquid- and solid-state lasers, including laser diodes.
To prepare microdisk lasers, we use standard photolithography and dry etching techniques. When excited using short optical pulses, QD-based microlasers exhibit low-threshold whispering gallery mode lasing. We applied similar fabrication techniques to incorporate microring resonators into high-current density electroluminescent structures. The developed devices exhibit strong dual-band electroluminescence due to the band-edge (1S) and first excited (1P) electronic states. This indicates the realization of population inversion in the QD medium. The next step is to achieve a net positive overall gain by optimizing the design of our fully stacked devices to enhance the modal gain and, in parallel, reduce the parasitic optical loss. The expected result of this work will be an electrically excited microdisk laser.
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