Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2025 Conference (MATSUSSpring25)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusspring.2025.225
Publication date: 16th December 2024
In recent years, the utilization of renewable energy, particularly solar power, has been accelerating globally from the perspectives of both the global energy problem and the decarbonization of society. To expand the use of renewable energy, it is necessary to store energy, and hydrogen is particularly suitable for large-scale, medium- to long-term storage. In a world aiming for carbon neutrality, hydrogen is a clean energy that can be produced by electrochemically splitting water, and water electrolysis cells that enable this are being researched and developed for practical use, with simulator development being part of this effort.
However, current simulator development involves detailed simulation environments at the particle level that represent reaction mechanisms and electrochemical phenomena. Using these as a system places a heavy burden on the calculations, making them difficult to use. When considering device requirements, there are currently no simulators available that can represent current-voltage characteristics in a simple but reasonably detailed manner.
Therefore, we constructed a physical model of a PEM water electrolysis cell using MATLAB/Simulink, which takes into account the frequency characteristics and capacitance characteristics, and can also represent the current-voltage characteristics.
In this study, with the cooperation of RIKEN, we measured actual data from water electrolysis cells used in distributed hydrogen systems. To express both static and dynamic characteristics, we conducted I-V measurements and FRA measurements, respectively, and performed parameter fitting using the measurement results.
As a result, the current-voltage characteristics within the compatible range could be expressed with an accuracy of over 95%, and the electrical transient characteristics of the water electrolysis cell, such as inrush current, could be expressed qualitatively.
Furthermore, by accurately expressing the behavior of water electrolysis cells while ensuring sufficient simulation speed as a simulation environment for the system, it became possible to verify the necessary device requirements. We expect this to be utilized in system studies using water electrolysis cells and in device prototyping using electrochemical expressions.
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