Role of Interfaces in All Solid-State Batteries, how Different Chemistries Interact with Lithium Metal

Arianna Pesce^a, Pedram Ghorbanzade^a^,^b^,^c, Nico Zamperlin^a, Pierre Lannelongue^a, Ander Orue^a, Pedro López-Aranguren^a

^aCenter for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energy (CIC EnergiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.

^bUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena, S/N, Leioa, Spain

^cAlistore-European Research Institute, Amiens, France

Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2025 Conference (MATSUSSpring25)

Advances in Li-Metal All-Solid-State Batteries: Processing, Manufacturing, and Integration - #AdvanceSSB

Sevilla, Spain, 2025 March 3rd - 7th

Organizer: Juan Carlos Gonzalez-Rosillo

Invited Speaker, Arianna Pesce, presentation 210
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusspring.2025.210
Publication date: 16th December 2024

All Solid-State Batteries (ASSBs) are emerging as the next-generation energy storage devices due to their superior safety and performance potential compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries (LiBs). The presence of a solid electrolyte enhances safety by minimizing flammability and mitigates dendrite propagation, enabling the use of high-capacity lithium metal anodes (3860 mA h/g). Combined with high-voltage cathodes like LMNO, ASSBs promise significant improvements in energy density, both gravimetric and volumetric beyond incumbent LIBs. Ceramic materials show mechanical properties that can reduce the propagation of dendrites and interesting ionic conductivity for lithium ions.

Oxides exhibit high stability with lithium metal and mechanical properties to prevent dendrite propagation, but face challenges in room-temperature ionic conductivity and require high sintering temperatures to achieve the mechanical and structural qualities to be used as electrolytes.

Sulfides achieve high ionic conductivities (up to 10 mS/cm) at room temperature and high relative densities (>90%) without sintering. However, their air sensitivity delayed their entrance into the battery market.

Halides, with moderate ionic conductivities (1-2 mS/cm), bridge the gap between oxides and sulfides. They offer room temperature processability and operation with less toxic byproducts, despite their sensitivity to atmospheric exposure.

Across all ceramic electrolyte types, optimizing interfaces, particularly with lithium metal, remains a key challenge for achieving higher performance in ASSBs. This work focuses on the intrinsic behavior and reactivity of these electrolytes with individual cell components and examines the synergies formed by combining different chemistries. Advanced characterization techniques such as NMR, EIS, and DRT are employed to investigate the phenomena occurring during the operation of solid-state batteries. We present here practical cases on how material design, processing techniques, and interface engineering play a significantly effect on the performance of the cell.

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