Enhancing Tin Perovskite Solar Cells Performance through Innovative Fullerene Derivatives for Minimized Interfacial Voc Losses

Sergio Galve-Lahoz^a^,^b, Jesús Sánchez-Diaz^a, Jorge Marco^b, Nihal Guenani^a, Jorge Simancas^a, Jhonatan Rodríguez-Pereira^c^,^d, Jesús Lucia-Tamudo^e^,^f, Sergio Díaz-Tendero^f^,^g^,^h, Juan P. Martínez-Pastorⁱ, Jorge Pascual^b, Iván Mora-Seró^a, Juan Luis Delgado^b^,^j

^aInstitute of Advanced Materials (INAM), University Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain

^bPolymat, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.

^cCenter of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, nám. Cs. legií 565, Pardubice, 53002, Czech Republic

^dCentral European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno, 612 00, Czech Republic

^eFaculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.

^fDepartment of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain

^gInstitute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain

^hCondensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain

ⁱInstituto de Ciencia de los Materiales (ICMUV), Universitat de Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Spain

^jIkerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain

Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2025 Conference (MATSUSSpring25)

Lead-free perovskites: Fundamentals and device applications - #LeadFreePero

Sevilla, Spain, 2025 March 3rd - 7th

Organizers: Eline Hutter and Iván Mora-Seró

Oral, Sergio Galve-Lahoz, presentation 111
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusspring.2025.111
Publication date: 16th December 2024

Tin halide perovskite solar cells (Sn-PSCs) are emerging as strong candidates to replace Pb-based perovskite solar cells (Pb-PSCs) due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and reduced toxicity. However, Sn-PSCs exhibit significantly lower efficiencies in comparison to Pb-PSCs due to, among other issues, the high voltage losses, which are nearly double the observed values in Pb-based PSCs.

On this basis, we designed and synthesized two novel fullerene derivatives, namely C₆₀-1 and C₆₀-2, functionalized with different fluorinated moieties, and incorporated them as interlayers between the perovskite and the C₆₀electron transport layer. The LUMO levels of C₆₀-1 and C₆₀-2 at -3.98 eV and -4.01 eV, respectively, exhibited better band alignment with the conduction band of the tin perovskite layer (-3.92 eV) compared to C₆₀ (-4.05 eV). This enhanced alignment minimized the energy level mismatch, significantly improving the overall device performance. Additionally, the fluorinated functionalization conferred an extra degree of hydrophobicity enhancing the operational stability of the devices without any encapsulation in ambient atmosphere conditions. Consequently, the efficiency of the devices increased from 9.3% for the reference device to 10.5% and 11.0% for the devices containing the C₆₀-1 and C₆₀-2 interlayers, respectively. These results highlight the potential of functionalized fullerenes to mitigate voltage losses and improve the performance and stability of Sn-PSCs, paving the way for future advancements in their design and development.

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