Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2025 Conference (MATSUSSpring25)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusspring.2025.079
Publication date: 16th December 2024
MXenes – transition metal-based carbides and (carbo)nitrides with the general chemical composition Mn+1XnTx (M = early-to-mid transition metals, X = C and/or N, Tx = surface groups, n = 1-4) are an incredibly fascinating class of 2D materials that have left almost no potential application area untouched. As much research as is dedicated to exploring their unique properties, for example in the context of biomedicine, catalysis and energy storage, especially of Ti-MXenes, as little focus is dedicated to non-Ti-MXenes as well as their synthesis science.
In this talk, I will discuss the synthesis of different V-MXenes derived from their MAX phase siblings. The preparation of the precursor MAX phases is not trivial as shown for MAX phase examples V4AlC3 and (V/Mo)5AlC4. MAX phases with minimal amounts of side phases as well as knowledge of their chemical composition are key to obtaining high-quality MXenes that allow for meaningful discussions of their properties. These aspects will be covered during my discussion of the “higher n” MXenes V4C3Tx and (V/Mo)5C4Tx including discussion of their electrocatalytic performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Besides, I will highlight key synthetic chemistries during the exfoliation of V2AlC as well as its Mo-substituted analogs and show how the catalytic properties depend on the V/Mo ratio.
We take advantage of diverse synthesis and exfoliation tools ranging from conventional to microwave heating and aqueous acid as well as Lewis acid (molten salt) etching. All materials are carefully characterized by diffraction (synchrotron and lab X-ray), microscopy and spectroscopy (lab and hard-X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) techniques.
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 2143982. 4D STEM: Partial contribution of the US Government. Not subject to copyright in the United States. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The mail-in program at Beamline 11-ID-B and 11-BM contributed to the data. A special thank you to J. Weng, U. Rhett, and the staff at Argonne National Laboratory for their assistance. C.K. and A.A.R acknowledge the support from the Department of Chemistry, UCL. A.R. acknowledges the support from the Analytical Chemistry Trust Fund for her CAMS-UK Fellowship. We acknowledge Diamond Light Source for time on Beamline I09 under Proposal NT29451-6. The authors acknowledge resources and support from the Eyring Materials Center at Arizona State University.
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