Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2025 Conference (MATSUSSpring25)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusspring.2025.067
Publication date: 16th December 2024
Bipolar membranes under reverse-bias (r-BPM) offer a possibility of using PGM-free anodes in CO2 electrolysers. Under ideal circumstances, the OH- generated from the BPM can fully replenish the OH- consumed by the OER, maintaining a stable anolyte pH over time. However, the OH- regeneration rate, and hence the stability of such systems, is dependent on the Water Dissociation Efficiency (WDE). In non-ideal BPM, the transport of co-ions through the membrane lowers the WDE below 100%. In this case, a pH decrease in the anolyte over time is expected, compromising the long-term stability of PGM-free anodes in CO2 electrolyser.
In our study we aim to explore the feasibility of replacing PGM anodes under industrially relevant conditions. To simulate the long-term stability of a PGM-free CO2 electrolyser, we have developed a methodology that combines both an experimental and modelling approach. Using a MEA cell architecture, we have determined the WDE of commercial BPMs under various process conditions, including current density, anolyte concentration, or cation identity. The experimental results have been used as the model input to extrapolate the long-term performance of a r-BPM CO2 electrolyser. Our results suggest that current commercial BPM WDEs are not high enough to allow for the replacement of PGM anodes in CO2 electrolysers. In addition, we highlight the importance of assuming realistic industrially relevant anolyte volumes when assessing the stability of PGM-free anodes.
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