Publication date: 28th August 2024
Engineering of Single atom photocatalysts is a novel yet very challenging pathway that serves the frontline of catalysis field for over the last 10 years. As a result, intriguing performances have been seen due to their unique electronic structures and maximized atomic utilization. However, the major challenge lies in forming a desirable support surface that can allow stable single atom trapping with isolated dispersion of those active sites. So far many strategies for either single atom anchoring or support system have been reported but often with special requirements. Here in, we report, a simple electrochemical deposition approach for anchoring the single atoms in a controlled and desirable way. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes [TiNT] in general on annealing are known to have surface defects (like Ti3+-Ov [oxygen vacancy]) are capable of acting as a suitable traps for single atoms. Therefore, different amount of single atom dispersion have been achieved by electrochemically depositing copper single atoms (CuSA) on the TiNTs using CuCl2 solution of concentration as low as 0.1 mM. Such SA decorated TiNTs have exhibited stronger driving force for photogenerated charge carrier separation and transfer, as a function of the amount of SA dispersion and its deposition condition. Consequently, CuSA/TiNTs have led to maximum photocurrent of 20 mA/cm2, thereby attaining significant photoelectrochemical efficiency of 6% which is 1.2 times higher than the so far reported non noble metal based single atom photocatalysts. This study not only reveals the excellent ability of CuSAs to boost the overall charge carrier kinetics but also paves the way for designing advanced non noble metal based single atom photocatalysts that can attain remarkable efficiencies.
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