Synergistic In-silico Design and Electrochemical Characterization of Solid-State Electrolytes with Fully Earth Abundant Chemical Compositions for Na/K-metal Batteries
Ivano Eligio Castelli a, Benjamin Sjølin a, Chiara Spezzati a, Mohamad Khoshkalam a
a Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej 1, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of MATSUS Fall 2024 Conference (MATSUSFall24)
#BattMat - From atoms to devices – Battery materials design across the scales
Lausanne, Switzerland, 2024 November 12th - 15th
Organizers: Heather Au and Emilia Olsson
Poster, Ivano Eligio Castelli, 211
Publication date: 28th August 2024


The concept of corner-sharing frameworks is crucial in designing oxide solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) with superionic conductivity for alkali-metal ions like Li+ and Na+. These frameworks consist of a highly covalent skeleton of corner-sharing polyhedra, which facilitates the diffusion of alkali-metal ions through interconnected, metastable interstitial sites within the structure. This study focuses on using a class of earth-abundant rock silicates as SSEs for Na/K-metal batteries. Through a combined approach of in-silico design and electrochemical characterization, we explored the relationship between structural features—such as the migration energy barriers for Na+ and K+, bottleneck pathways in the skeleton structure, polyhedron packing ratio, and continuous symmetry measure—and SSE performance indicators like ionic conductivity and phase stability under ambient conditions. Our preliminary findings suggest that a high Continuous Symmetry Measure value in Na/K-polyhedra and a low packing ratio of the skeleton structure are essential for achieving fast ionic transport for Na+ and K+. Experimental results show that applying this hypothesis can achieve Na+/K+ ionic conductivity levels between 10-0.1 mS/cm at 50 °C, using a composition entirely made of earth-abundant elements, without depending on rare-earth or multivalent transition metal ions. An SSE based on the Na-Mg-Al-Ca-Si-O oxide system was fabricated into thin, self-standing tape-cast layers under ambient conditions. These thin, self-standing layers, in a symmetrical cell configuration of Na/SSE/Na, cycled for over 50 cycles at current densities up to 1 mA/cm2 at 50 °C. The same layers were also used as SSE in hybrid (hybrid organic-inorganic composite as cathode layer) and semi-solid (porous carbon sulfur composite and liquid catholyte as cathode layer) Na-S battery cells. At 40 °C and a C/10 rate, these cells demonstrated high discharge capacities of 1000 mAh/g and 800 mAh/g, respectively. The use of earth-abundant rock silicates as SSEs, as demonstrated through a synergistic approach combining in-silico design and experimental characterization, presents a promising path for developing high-performance and sustainable solid-state batteries, with significant potential for enhanced ionic conductivity and phase stability without the need for rare-earth or multivalent transition metal ions.

 

© FUNDACIO DE LA COMUNITAT VALENCIANA SCITO
We use our own and third party cookies for analysing and measuring usage of our website to improve our services. If you continue browsing, we consider accepting its use. You can check our Cookies Policy in which you will also find how to configure your web browser for the use of cookies. More info