Publication date: 28th August 2024
Over the last ten years, the role of hybrid metal halide perovskites has received significant attention as suitable materials for various electronic applications. Indeed, their outstanding optoelectronic properties such as high-power conversion efficiency, tunable bandgap, and high absorption coefficient, make them suited for several applications in different devices as photovoltaic cells, photodetectors, light emitting diodes, and sensors [2]. Starting from the hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs), the introduction of a chiral molecule as organic cation leads to the breaking of the spatial inversion symmetry, allowing new possible designs based on the combination of polarity and chirality [1,3]. In the scientific scene, this opened plenty of novel applications provided by outstanding chiroptical properties, such as circular dichroism, circular polarized emission, chiral induced spin selectivity and so on. To extend the actual knowledge of these chiral systems, it is important to investigate those parameters which have a major impact on the chirality transfer mechanism, with the final aim to unveil it. From a material chemistry point of view this involve an important work on materials’ structure, involving several modulations/substitutions on the latter. More specifically, in this contribution we will present the results of the role of the central metal, showing the modulation of the optoelectronic properties with two different metals. Firstly, we prepare an initial series of novel chiral metal halide maintaining the chiral cation (4-Chlorophenyl)ethylenimine (Cl-MBA), accompanied by different central metal, namely Pb, Sn and Ge. This approach brought to the discovery of (R/S/rac-ClMBA)2SnI4 and (R/S/rac-ClMBA)2GeI4 compositions, and to another interesting Ge-containing 1D system, namely (R/S/rac-ClMBA)3GeI5. The work provides a comparison not only in terms of structural features and chiroptical properties but also in terms of computational modelling, which helps us to deeply understating the role of central cation and the difference in terms of efficiency moving from a Pb-based perovskites to a Pb-free one. Final aim of this work is to unveil the impact of chemical degrees of freedom on the chirality transfer between the organic cation and the inorganic framework to provide tuning strategies for materials engineering.
LM acknowledges support from the Italian Ministry of University and Research through the program “Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2023–2027”, PRIN 2022 Grant No 2022F2K7J5 with title Two-dimensional chiral hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites for chiroptoelectronics (MIRROR) - CUP B53D23004130006 and Grant No 2022HRZH7P (REVOLUTION) – CUP B53D23015350006 funded by European Union – Next Generation EU. LM W.K, E.M, and F.D.A. acknowledge funding from the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 101082176—VALHALLA and from the European UnionNextGenerationEU under the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR) National Innovation Ecosystem grant ECS00000041—VITALITY. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or CINEA. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them. We acknowledge the support of the Center for Services of Structural Crystallography (CRIST) of the University of Florence. A.M. acknowledges SERB (SRG/2023/002577) and IIT Hyderabad (Seed Grant: SG-145) for funding.