Publication date: 28th August 2024
Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are building block devices for applications in a variety of fields including bioelectronics, energy storage, mechanical actuators, sensors etc. OECTs utilize organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs) and rely on the injection/extraction of ions from an electrolyte into an OMIEC material to modulate its bulk conductivity. Recently, we introduced a new strategy for the design of OECTs where the bulk includes a blend of two OMIECs endowing the device with multifunctionality. For example, we demonstrated that judicious selection of p- and n-type OMIECs and optimization of the blend ratio can lead to a fully balanced ambipolar OECT where both ions and cations are modulated in a single device.[1] Furthermore, we harness the tunability of blend microstructure to endow the device with desired properties such as stability, exceptional ON/OFF ratios and high transconductance. A variety of characterization methods including optical and impedance spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and device measurements were used to gain insights on the structure-property relationships. We investigated the effects of blend composition, electrolyte and ion type, and thermal treatments on the electrochemical performance using spectro-electrochemistry, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance, and OECTs. By leveraging the simplicity and efficacy of blend-based ambipolar OMIECs, this study opens new avenues for integrating electronic devices with biological systems, paving the way for next-generation bioelectronic applications.
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