Publication date: 28th August 2024
The integration of plasmonic nanoparticles into perovskite-based optoelectronic devices represents a promising frontier in enhancing device efficiency for both light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) and solar cells (PSCs). Perovskite materials, known for their large absorption, long diffusion lengths, tunable bandgap, high quantum yield, and narrow emission bandwidths, are ideal candidates for next-generation optoelectronic applications. Despite these advantages, PeLEDs still face challenges in optimizing quantum yield, color purity, and angular control. Similarly, PSCs, specifically tandem solar cells with narrow bandgap perovskites, suffer from limited absorption capacities, hindering their potential efficiency.
Through rigorous simulation design and experimental synthesis, our research demonstrates that embedding plasmonic nanoparticles randomly distributed within these perovskite structures can significantly enhance their photophysical properties. By optimizing parameters such as metal type (Ag, Au, Cu), shape, and volume filling concentration, we establish guidelines for the future development of plasmonic resonance-based optoelectronic devices [1-3].
Specifically, we achieve a three-fold enhancement in the integrated emission of thin CsPbBr3 films by incorporating precisely engineered spherical Ag nanoparticles, allowing for controllable directionality in the forward direction or at desired larger angles. Similarly, we demonstrate that, through rigorous design, it is possible to provide a realistic prediction of the magnitude of the absorption enhancement that can be reached for perovskite films embedding metal particles. In all-perovskite tandem solar cells, we maximize light harvesting while minimizing parasitic absorption, providing an absolute power conversion efficiency enhancement of 2% in Sn-based perovskite compositions through synergistic near- and far-field plasmonic effects [4]. This approach allows for thinner perovskite films, facilitating photocarrier collection and reducing the amount of potentially toxic lead in the devices.
Our findings underscore the transformative potential of plasmonic nanoparticles in enhancing the efficiency of perovskite-based optoelectronic devices, paving the way for advanced applications in lighting, displays, and renewable energy solutions.
M.A. acknowledges support by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through a Ramón y Cajal Fellowship (RYC2021-034941-I). J.B. acknowledges support by the Programa Investigo funded by the European Union “NextGenerationEU”/PRTR. The authors also acknowledge financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under Grants TED2021-131001A-I00, CNS2022-135967, and PID2022-142525OA-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union “NextGeneratio-nEU”/PRTR, and Grant RED2022-134939-T.
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