Publication date: 28th August 2024
Semiconductor quantum dots and quantum shells with complex confinement potentials are promising scintillators. They can demonstrate intense, fast, and durable scintillation under X-ray or electron excitation. Photon yields can reach greater than 100 photons/keV, exceeding typical scintillation standards, driven by structurally-engineered slowed Auger recombination and consequent radiative biexciton emission. This remains true even with several electron-hole pairs in the nanoshell. The single nanosecond lifetime of the quantum dot and quantum shell scintillators is much faster than typical standards with no afterglow. Fast scintillation improves frame rates in imaging, potential in tomography imaging, and typically also improves energy resolution. The samples can maintain bright scintillation performance under intense synchrotron X-ray excitation for at least 10 hours, equivalent to c. 1 million hours with a normal laboratory source. Using micrometer thick films to perform imaging, resolution of 20 lines/mm can be achieved. Based upon these results and performance metrics reported in literature, some general design strategies will be discussed with particular attention to materials which are strong performers as laser media and single photon sources. Furthermore, the predictive capacity of using more accessible laser-based spectroscopy experiments will be highlighted.
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