Understanding reactive interfaces for electrochemical transformations: H2 evolution, CO2 reduction and N2 conversion
Thomas Jaramillo a b c d
a Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University
b SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA, United States
c SUNCAT - Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, United States
d Department of Energy Science Engineering, Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability
Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2024 Conference (MATSUS24)
#MatInter - Materials and Interfaces for emerging electrocatalytic reactions
Barcelona, Spain, 2024 March 4th - 8th
Organizers: Marta Costa Figueiredo and María Escudero-Escribano
Invited Speaker, Thomas Jaramillo, presentation 428
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2024.428
Publication date: 18th December 2023

The electrification of chemical processes for the sustainable production of fuels and chemicals has garnered substantial interest in recent years. Three particularly intriguing opportunities are green H2 production by water electrolysis, the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to carbon-based fuels and chemicals, as well as ammonia production through electrochemical N2 conversion. In all of these cases, understanding interfaces with greater molecular detail is key to advancing activity, selectivity, and durability, important metrics that need to be improved for broader-scale implementation and commercialization of these technologies. This paper will describe efforts to design and develop new methods to understand relevant interfaces in these reactions, with a focus on in-situ, operando, and/or on-line techniques. This includes attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR-SEIRAS), X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The focus is to understand molecular-level processes at interfaces that govern performance and durability, with examples ranging from model surfaces to applied, high-performance systems.

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