Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2024 Conference (MATSUS24)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2024.368
Publication date: 18th December 2023
The Internet of Things (IoT) underpins our future smart world where various electronic devices will be integrated with, and controlled by, wireless communication.[1] Many of these devices will be standalone or portable, creating an urgent demand for off-grid power sources. Solar photovoltaic (PV) cells are viable alternatives to batteries as perpetual power sources for IoT devices. However, crystalline silicon (c-Si) PV cells (which currently account for 95% of the global PV market) are not designed to work with diffuse, artificial indoor light-emitting diode (LED) lighting and perform poorly under these conditions.[2]
Luminescent waveguide-encoded lattices (LWELs) are a new class of photonic material that have recently been proposed to compensate for the limitations of c-Si PV cells for indoor PV.[3,4] LWELs consist of a thin (ca. 1 mm) luminescent polymer film encoded with a patterned array of discrete waveguides. The waveguide array is formed through the self-trapping of incident beams of light within a photopolymerisable matrix. This leads to the permanent inscription of polychromatic cylindrical waveguide channels within the polymer matrix, which impart LWELs with an exceptionally wide field-of-view (80% enhancement shown previously[5]). The LWEL is retrofitted to the top surface of a PV cell to enhance light collection.
While the optical and materials properties of non-emissive WELs are reasonably well-understood [5,6], the inclusion of a luminophore can complicate the self-trapping processes that led formation of the waveguide channels. In this talk, the relationship between the photopolymerization kinetics, materials composition and optical properties of LWELs will be discussed, with a view to understanding the design rules that underpin efficient performance upon integration with PV cells.
This work was funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 818762 - SPECTRACON), the EPSRC (Grant EP/V048953/1) and the Isaac Newton Trust.
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