Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2024 Conference (MATSUS24)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2024.185
Publication date: 18th December 2023
Large-scale energy storage is a key technology for efficient integration of renewable energy generation into the grid and the development of smart grids. Among various energy storage technologies, electrochemical energy storage stands out as a flexible and efficient option, making it an important direction for the development of utility-scale power storage. Liquid metal batteries based on liquid metal electrodes and molten salts electrolytes, with the merits of long-lifespan, low-cost, and high-safety, shows … in large-scale energy storage applications. This article focuses on the key materials and technologies of liquid metal batteries, demonstrating our team's recent research progress at three aspects: materials, devices and energy systems. A novel strategy of alloying liquid electrode for liquid metal batteries was proposed, and a series of high-performance electrode material systems were developed that achieve a high battery energy density of 156 Wh/kg. Moreover, a multi-physics coupling model of liquid metal battery was constructed and revealing the mechanisms and migration laws governing mass transfer at liquid-liquid interfaces. Furthermore, we have put forward a strategy for stabilizing large-scale liquid-liquid interfaces through internal field restriction combined with external active regulation, which enabled the cycle life of Li-Sb-Sn liquid metal battery exceeded 15000 cycles. Based on those strategies, 600 Ah high-capacity liquid metal batteries were constructed. Moreover, we have proposed control strategies for electro-thermal coupled energy storage systems and built a 5 kW liquid metal battery energy storage system.
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52277217 52177215).
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