Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2024 Conference (MATSUS24)
Publication date: 18th December 2023
Transition Metal Sulfides for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers
Anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolyzers offer a path for the upscale production of sustainable hydrogen.[1] However, the intrinsic limitations in terms of low conductivity and stability inherent to the transition metal (TM) catalysts employed therein are a barrier in that direction.[2] Transition metal sulfides (TMSs) have emerged as promising alternative catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), with high performance (<200 mV at 10 mA cm-2). This can be traced to their higher conductivity and improved active site accessibility than TMs oxides.[3-5] However, these TMSs catalysts have primarily been evaluated in half-cell setups, often at current densities below 100 mA cm-2. Consequently, their performance and stability under rigorous industrial-scale conditions, particularly when operating at higher current densities such as 1 A cm-2, and elevated temperatures of 60℃, remain largely unexplored.
In this study, we utilized a scalable electrochemical method to activate nickel-iron polysulfide, resulting in the creation of a nickel-rich polysulfide/(oxy)hydroxide structure. The activated polysulfides demonstrated improved performance, with high current density (2.2 A cm-2) at 2.0 V full cell voltage. Another notable aspect of the activated Ni polysulfides was their remarkable stability, sustaining stable operation during 500-hour at 1 A cm-2.
Furthermore, we will introduce a new protocol to optimize the utilization of TMSs using an in-situ electrochemical method, shedding light on the origin of TMSs stability under high current densities. These findings are a significant step forward in enhancing the efficiency and durability of catalysts, paving the way for the practical and scalable incorporation of TMSs in various industrial applications.
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