Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2024 Conference (MATSUS24)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2024.089
Publication date: 18th December 2023
Energy storage plays, undoubtedly, a fundamental role in the process of total decarbonization of the global economy that is expected to take place in the coming decades. The energy transition to a renewable and sustainable generation is the solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and thus achieve the European Commission´s goal of becoming the world´s first decarbonized economy. In this transition, beyond li-ion technologies will play a key role to meet the increasing energy demand that cannot be covered by Li-ion batteries solely. In this scenario, sodium-oxygen have become an attractive alternative due to their high gravimetric energy densities (1605 or 1108 Wh/kg based on Na2O2 or NaO2, respectively) resulting from the use of an oxygen-based phase-change reaction (potentially reducing the weight and freeing up space for other components).
These batteries have been considered as the holy grail of battery research due to their high theoretical energy densities; however, several challenges remain to be solved before commercialization. In this talk, novel approaches on cathode materials and electrolytes will be covered with special focus on sustainability. One of the bottlenecks in this type of device is the kinetic limitations related to oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) and oxygen evolution reactions (OER). Therefore, we have proposed to mimic nucleotides role in cellular respiration by using them as electrocatalysts in metal-air batteries. Regarding electrolytes, we aim to identify an eco-friendly solid membrane electrolyte to achieve stable and high-performing solid-state NaBs by overcoming oxygen crossover from the cathode to the anode. Moreover, the main challenges remaining in this field will be highlighted, along with the future steps required to advance Na-O2 batteries.
This work was funded by grant PID2020-117626RA-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033. N. Ortiz-Vitoriano thanks the Grant RYC2020-030104-I funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by “ESF Investing in your future”.
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