Controlled Ligand-Free Growth of Free-Standing Perovskite Nanowires
Ziyun Huang a, Zhaojun Zhang a, Nils Lamers a, Ivan Scheblykin b, Jesper Wallentin a
a Synchrotron Radiation Research and NanoLund, Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 124, Lund 22100, Sweden
b Chemical Physics and NanoLund, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund 22100, Sweden
Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2024 Conference (MATSUS24)
#PeroQuant24 - Halide perovskites for quantum technologies
Barcelona, Spain, 2024 March 4th - 8th
Organizers: Simon Boehme, Sascha Feldmann and Maksym Kovalenko
Poster, Ziyun Huang, 077
Publication date: 18th December 2023

Metal halide perovskite (MHP) nanowire arrays have demonstrated impressive capabilities in various optoelectronic applications, including lasers, LEDs, solar cells, and photodetection [1]. The vertical alignment of these nanowire arrays provides numerous benefits, such as improved optical absorption and emission in the direction perpendicular to the substrate. Additionally, this arrangement offers technical advantages, including increased nanowire density and scalable device processing. 
We have recently discovered that free-standing and vertically aligned CsPbBr3 nanowires can be grown from AAO nanopore substrates [2], with diameters of around 200 nm and lengths of up to 20 microns.  The nanowires show strong room temperature photoluminescence, and single nanowire devices produced by a novel lithography process based on non-polar solvents show excellent photoconductivity [3].
Here, we demonstrate improved control over this growth, by systematically varying the growth conditions. The solvent evaporation rate is controlled by the flow of N2 gas, which in our reactor should be held below 2 L/min. The temperature dependence was explored from room temperature to 100 °C, revealing a fairly large growth window between 50-80 °C. The most favourable growth parameters were identified as 70 °C with a flow rate of 0.8 L/min. In situ microscopy with UV illumination was used to track the growth in situ. Locations where nanowires were observed exhibited pronounced fluorescence during the initial stages of growth, attributed to the initial crystallization of the MHP.  The improved growth control provides a solid foundation for complex devices based on free-standing nanowires. 

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