Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2024 Conference (MATSUS24)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2024.046
Publication date: 18th December 2023
Two dimensional perovskites 2DPs – intended to be single/few inorganic layers (typically <3) spaced by large organic cations – have attracted a wide interest for their modular wide band gap and proved stability, but their application in solar cells has been so far unsuccessful. Lack of knowledge on how to manipulate the orientation of the inorganic sheets during solution-based film deposition only enabling a parallel orientation to the substrate is the actual bottleneck. This limits vertical charge percolation and efficiency, ultimately making them uncompetitive in the solar cells arena.
Here I will discuss a novel effective strategy to break such efficiency limit by controlling the orientation of the inorganic backbone of thiophene-based 2DPs (with n<3) inducing a vertical growth of the inorganic framework with respect to the substrate. Integrated in a solar cell, we enable vertical charge percolation, reaching a “record” efficiency of 9.4 %. Such proof of concept intimately demonstrates the potential of controlling the crystalline orientation of 2DPs providing an essential strategy for boosting their performances. Beyond such demonstration and its validation monitoring the crystal orientation at the nanometric scale, we reveal the fundamental mechanism behind. Two key ingredients play a concomitant role: 1) inducing the formation of nanometer-size crystallites already in the precursor solution and 2) creating a Cl-rich 2DP phase at the bottom interface where Chlorine – differently from what commonly happens in 3D perovskite- substitutes Iodine entering in the structure and ultimately inducing the vertical growth.
Acknowledgements I acknowledge the “HY-NANO” project that has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant 2018 under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant agreement No. 802862).
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