Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2024 Conference (MATSUS24)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2024.026
Publication date: 18th December 2023
This research involved the creation via the coaxial electrospinning process of flexible core/shell nanofibrous mats with high porosity that can serve as alternative porous structures to the brittle porous TiO2-based photoelectrodes currently in use. The core was made from polyethylene terephthalate (PET), while the shell consisted of a PET-Titanium dioxide (PET-TiO2) nanocomposite. Two different shapes of TiO2 (nanobars and nanorhombics) were synthesized via the solvothermal method and then incorporated at various concentrations (0-20 wt.%) into the shell layer of the nanofibers to enhance their optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. The study investigated the surface morphology, porosity, specific surface area, thermal stability, dye adsorption, optical, and mechanical properties of the developed nanofibrous mats. Particular emphasis was placed on understanding the impact of solvent miscibility and solvent composition on the morphology of the fibrous mats. Various characterization techniques confirmed the successful incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles into the shell layer of the nanofibers. It was observed that adding up to 15 wt.% TiO2 within the shell layer enhanced light harvesting and shifted the UV-Visible absorption edge of the nanofibrous mats to larger wavelengths. Moreover, PET/(PET-TiO2) core/shell nanofibrous mats obtained with nanobars TiO2 showed higher thermal stability due to a better TiO2/PET interfacial interaction. Photoluminescence results confirmed the efficient charge transfer between TiO2 nanoparticles and PET with a minimum recombination of the photogenerated charges. Furthermore, the high porosity of the coaxial electrospun mats, ranging from 75% to 81%, had a positive impact on the diffusion of dye molecules and their subsequent adsorption on the surface of the mats.
Finally, we believe that this detailed study on PET-TiO2 core-shell nanofibrous structures provides new insight for further development of optimum DSSC photoanode microstructure at low temperature and contribute towards achieving efficient flexible DSSCs.
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