Stable Poisson-statistics-limited X-ray imaging with solution-grown perovskite single-crystal detectors

Kostiantyn Sakhatskyi^a^,^b, Bekir Turedi^a^,^b^,^d, Gebhard Matt^a^,^b, Erfu Wu^c, Anastasiia Sakhatska^a^,^b, Vitalii Bartosh^a^,^b, Muhammad Naufal Lintangpradipto^d, Rounak Naphade^d, Ivan Shorubalko^c, Omar Mohammed^d^,^e, Martin Kotyrba^a^,^b, Sergii Yakunin^a^,^b, Osman Bakr^d, Maksym Kovalenko^a^,^b

^aETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland

^bLaboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa – Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland

^cEmpa – Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces, Dübendorf, Switzerland, Switzerland

^dDivision of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), SA, Saudi Arabia

^eAdvanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, Thuwal Street, Yanbu Al Bahr, Saudi Arabia

Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of MATSUS23 & Sustainable Technology Forum València (STECH23) (MATSUS23)

#PerFut - Metal Halide Perovskites Fundamental Approaches and Technological Challenges

VALÈNCIA, Spain, 2023 March 6th - 10th

Organizers: Wang Feng, Giulia Grancini and Pablo P. Boix

Oral, Kostiantyn Sakhatskyi, presentation 281
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2023.281
Publication date: 22nd December 2022

One of the main thrusts of medical X-ray imaging is to minimize the X-ray dose acquired by the patient, down to the fundamental limit set by the Poisson photon statistics. Such low-dose X-ray detection characteristics have been demonstrated with only a few direct-detection semiconductor materials such as Si and CdTe; however, their industrial deployment in medical diagnostics is still impeded by elaborate and costly fabrication processes. Hybrid metal halide perovskites – newcomer semiconductors -– make for a viable alternative owing to their scalable, inexpensive, robust, and versatile solution growth and recent demonstrations of single gamma-photon counting under high applied bias voltages. The major hurdle with perovskites as mixed electronic-ionic conductors, however, arises from the rapid material's degradation under high electric field, thus far used in perovskite X-ray detectors. Here we discuss the negative effects of the ion migration on X-ray detection performance and demonstrate the mitigation path by utilizing the perovskite X-ray detectors in the photovoltaic mode of operation at zero-voltage bias. We show both countings of almost every single incoming photon and long-term stable performance, by employing thick and uniform methylammonium lead iodide single crystal films, solution-grown directly on hole-transporting electrodes The operational device stability is equivalent to the intrinsic chemical shelf lifetime of MAPbI₃, being at least one year in the studied case. Furthermore, direct readout array integration of detectors is demonstrated as well. A high spatial resolution of 11 lp mm^-1 is obtained with a linear detector array. We also comment the lack of a clear commonly accepted X-ray detection characterization, approach, particularly in material research community, often leads to a misguiding assessment of performance. We propose the guidelines for the determination of figures of merit for the low-dose X-ray imagers. These findings pave the path for the implementation of hybrid perovskites in low-cost and low-dose commercial detector arrays for X-ray imaging.

References:

[1] K. Sakhatskyi, R. A. John, A. Guerrero, S. Tsarev, S. Sabisch, T. Das, G. J. Matt, S. Yakunin, I. Cherniukh, M. Kotyrba, Y. Berezovska, M. I. Bodnarchuk, S. Chakraborty, J. Bisquert, M. V. Kovalenko, Assessing the drawbacks and benefits of ion migration in lead halide perovskites. ACS Energy Lett. 7, 3401–3414 (2022)

Acknowledgements:

The work at ETH Zürich was financially supported by the Swiss Innovation Agency (Innosuisse) under grant agreement 46894.1 IP-ENG and by ETH Zürich through the ETH+ Project SynMatLab: Laboratory for Multiscale Materials Synthesis.

nanoGe is a prestigious brand of successful science conferences that are developed along the year in different areas of the world since 2009. Our worldwide conferences cover cutting-edge materials topics like perovskite solar cells, photovoltaics, optoelectronics, solar fuel conversion, surface science, catalysis and two-dimensional materials, among many others.

MATSUS

Previously nanoGe Spring Meeting (NSM) and nanoGe Fall Meeting (NFM), MATSUS is a multiple symposia conference focused on a broad set of topics of advanced materials preparation, their fundamental properties, and their applications, in fields such as renewable energy, photovoltaics, lighting, semiconductor quantum dots, 2-D materials synthesis, charge carriers dynamics, microscopy and spectroscopy semiconductors fundamentals, etc.

International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics

International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV) is celebrated yearly in May. The main topics are the development, function and modeling of materials and devices for hybrid and organic solar cells. The field is now dominated by perovskite solar cells but also other hybrid technologies, as organic solar cells, quantum dot solar cells, and dye-sensitized solar cells and their integration into devices for photoelectrochemical solar fuel production.

Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics

The main topics of the Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics (IPEROP) are discussed every year in Asia-Pacific for gathering the recent advances in the fields of material preparation, modeling and fabrication of perovskite and hybrid and organic materials. Photovoltaic devices are analyzed from fundamental physics and materials properties to a broad set of applications. The conference also covers the developments of perovskite optoelectronics, including light-emitting diodes, lasers, optical devices, nanophotonics, nonlinear optical properties, colloidal nanostructures, photophysics and light-matter coupling.

International Conference on Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics Perovskite Photonics and Optoelectronics

The International Conference on Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics Perovskite Photonics and Optoelectronics (NIPHO) is the best place to hear the latest developments in perovskite solar cells as well as on recent advances in the fields of perovskite light-emitting diodes, lasers, optical devices, nanophotonics, nonlinear optical properties, colloidal nanostructures, photophysics and light-matter coupling.