Proceedings of MATSUS23 & Sustainable Technology Forum València (STECH23) (MATSUS23)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2023.183
Publication date: 22nd December 2022
The extraordinary increase in efficiency of organic solar cells has rushed the interest towards an industrial scale-up. However, for a realistic lab-to-fab transition, strategies to improve simultaneously the performance and the solar cell lifetime need to be explored. In this aspect, the interface between the photoactive layer and the buffer interlayers is considered critical. As an example, ZnO triggers photodegradation of non-fullerene acceptor molecules at the interface, while surprisingly it is still the benchmark buffer layer in organic solar cells [1]. Recently, SnO2 nanoparticles have emerged as a high performing, scalable and low-cost alternative to ZnO, and it has already proven its potential for perovskite solar cells. However, although several reports point at SnO2 as a promising layer also for organic solar cells, most of the well performing systems are still reported with ZnO, suggesting SnO2 has intrinsic limitations in organic solar cells. On the other hand, several reports indicate a need for surface modification via chemical treatments to improve the interfacial properties [2]. Driven by these subject, in our work we make use of water-based SnO2 nanoparticles in n-i-p organic solar cells. We prove that the presence of surface cations produce an inherent defective interface with several organic blends, leading to s-shaped J/V curves and we amend it via a very simple an entirely environmentally-safe method. More strikingly, we demonstrate that the device stability is strongly correlated with the concentration of surface ions, and our method raises the operational stability factor T80 under continuous illumination from 8.4h to 244h. Finally, the power conversion efficiency and its standard deviation improve universally for several systems, showing its potential to be systematically applied in both lab scale but also industrial scale.
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