Proceedings of MATSUS23 & Sustainable Technology Forum València (STECH23) (MATSUS23)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2023.108
Publication date: 22nd December 2022
The world’s energy consumption is expected to grow vastly over the next few decades. Contributing to this growing energy demand is the advent of the Internet-of-Things (IoT), through which many devices and sensors may one day share immense quantities of information to benefit society as a whole.[1] Indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) based on easy-to-process, earth-abundant organic semiconductors have recently gained considerable traction as a potential source of power for the IoT.[2] These IPVs would recycle low-intensity, artificial light generated by LEDs to power small devices and IoT nodes, and they are fast approaching commercial viability. Organic semiconductors, however, are not yet optimised for IPV applications – they are plagued by detrimental non-radiative open-circuit voltage losses, and the majority of previous research has actually been channelled towards outdoor solar cell applications instead.[3] In this work, a realistic model is used to demonstrate the limiting effects of an intrinsic material property of organic semiconductors – the energetic disorder.[4, 5] The thermodynamic constraints imposed on the power conversion efficiency of IPVs by energetic disorder are explored, alongside the effects of sub-optical gap absorption, non-radiative recombination losses, and the incident light intensity. Finally, a methodology that takes a photovoltaic external quantum efficiency spectrum and one measurement of the open-circuit voltage (under one-sun conditions) is presented for estimating the performance of organic semiconductor-based IPVs under illumination by any spectrum, at any intensity.
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