Highly efficient flexible organic photovoltaic modules for sustainable energy harvesting under low-light condition via suppressing voltage-drop by metal-mediated cross-linkable polymer interfacial layer
Muhammad Jahandar a, Soyeon Kim a, Dong Chan Lim a
a Energy & Environment Materials Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Republic of Korea
Oral, Muhammad Jahandar, presentation 072
Publication date: 17th October 2024

This study aims to expand the practical applications of large-area flexible organic photovoltaics (OPV), such that they retain their high stability and efficiency even under various weather conditions and external stresses. By developing polyethyleneimine derivative-based cathode interfacial layer (CIL) and non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) material in OPVs, the efficiency and stability decrease rapidly due to an undesirable interaction when these two materials are concomitantly applied. In this study, we designed a novel low-cost metal-mediated cross-linked non-conjugated polymer interfacial layer (c-PEIE) and improved the device performance and stability of flexible OPVs from cell-to-module scale. c-PEIE CIL based flexible OPV cell achieves one of the highest power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 16.45% and remarkable photostability, retaining 77.58% of its initial PCE for 110 h under continuous light illumination, while the conventional PEIE based cells realize a PCE of 12.58% and poor device stability. Accordingly, a 50 cm2, large-area, flexible OPV module was also fabricated with an excellent PCE of 13.12% which is ~80% as efficient as small-area flexible cells. Notably, c-PEIE based OPV devices maintain high output power on cloudy days, which is a particular point of interest to efficiently harvest sunlight energy constantly. The tunable energy barrier and significant low-leakage current of CIL plays a critical role in reducing open-circuit voltage and fill factor losses under low-light environments. Such energy source can provide power efficiently all day long in low-light or cloudy environment for Internet of Things wireless networks integrated with battery independent photovoltaics.

This research was supported by the Fundamental Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (grant numbers RS-2024-00429694).

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