Proceedings of Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics (IPEROP24)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.iperop.2024.019
Publication date: 18th October 2023
Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) based on bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (TFSI) are promising additives for hole transport materials (HTMs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as it does not require lithium (Li) species, which is likely detrimental to the photovoltaic (PV) performances, and can provide additional benefits. However, design of RTILs, especially their cation design, for the PSC application have been limited thus far within the currently major components such as bulky quaternary ammonium-, pyridine-, and imidazole-based cations. Such limitation in RTIL design has confined their functions for the PSC applications, and hence, exploration of RTIL design even different from the current trend yet suitable for a targeted application would allow novel and prominent functions.
In this work, an RTIL comprising aliphatic primary ammonium (i.e., n-octylammonium: OA) cations, which is the archetype RTIL cation found over a century ago (in 1914), and modern TFSI anions [1–3] is proposed and demonstrated as a highly functional additive for Spiro-OMeTAD HTM in PSCs. The OA cations spontaneously and densely passivate the perovskite layer during the HTM deposition process, leading to both suppression of carrier recombination at the HTM/perovskite interface and hydrophobic perovskite surfaces. Meanwhile, the TFSI anions effectively improve the HTM function most likely via efficient stabilization and generation of Spiro-OMeTAD cationic radicals, enhancing hole collection properties in the PSCs. Consequently, with the OA-TFSI additive, PV performances of PSCs involving the long-time stability were improved, comparing to use of conventional Li-TFSI additive.
This article is based on the results obtained from a project, JPNP21016, commissioned by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO).
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