Proceedings of International Conference on Perovskite and Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics (IPEROP19)
Publication date: 23rd October 2018
Organic-inorganic halide perovskite (OIHP) materials have drawn much attention in various optoelectronic applications due to outperforming optoelectrical properties and rapid crystallization kinetics at low-temperature processing. However, despite of all these merits, these materials suffer major drawbacks (e.g. chemical decompositions, ion migrations, I-V hysteresis). There have been worldwide efforts to overcome these undesirable effects. Out of various attempts, it has been suggested that incorporation of alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Cs, Rb) has shown to suppress such deficiencies. However, most of studies have explained these in just phenomenological descriptions. Furthermore, it remains unclear about geometrical distributions of the added alkali components and their influence on electronic structure which is a crucial parameter in understanding properties of materials.
In this study, we synthesize single crystal CsxMA1-xPbI3 by the inverse temperature crystallization (ITC) method. Cesium has the right order of magnitude of ionic radius to replace methylammonium (MA) and maintain the perovskite structure. In order to explore intrinsic properties which are not hindered by grain boundaries and substrate strain effects, we choose our systems under investigation to be single crystals. We first see changes in geometrical structure of brought by cesium incorporation. Then we present how the electronic structures, including both valence and core levels, evolve as Cs concentration varies via ultraviolet and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.
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