DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.hybridoe.2021.011
Publication date: 3rd December 2021
The grain size, grain boundary defects and ion migration of lattice as well as compactness of interface buffer layer significantly affect the stability of perovskite solar cells. While, the process conversion from spin-coating to printing with an increasing scale is the only way for large-area perovskite solar cells fabrication. The problems including preparation of flexible transparent electrodes, stability and matching of interface layer, and obstructing function, the ion migration suppression and defects repair of grain boundaries, fabrication of flexible perovskite solar cells and its self-healing need to be solved to finally realize the large scale perovskite solar cells with efficiency and stability via printing process. Aiming at the stability problems caused by ion migration and water and oxygen erosion of perovskite solar cells, a "pin-through" strategy is proposed to comprehensively improve the stability and bending resistance of perovskite solar cells. The carbon nanotubes, fluorine-containing semiconductors and fluorescent up-conversion molecules are used to fill the grain boundary defects of perovskite solar cells and inhibit ion migration and realize grain boundary linkage, which greatly improve device stability and broaden the absorption response. The spontaneous gradient 2D/3D structure can achieve the effective regulation of crystallization kinetics and carrier dynamics to the realization of high-quality perovskite with vertical crystal orientation and the optimal regulation of carrier transport. Moreover, the self-grown oriented scaffold and elastomer are proposed to repair the perovskite grain boundary defects, solve the problem of PbI2 conversion and endow the active layer with bending resistance. Systematically adopting integrated technology and vertebral structure to release stress and solve the self-repairing problem of perovskite fracture, the manufacture of flexible perovskite solar cells is fully realized. By optimizing printing equipment, adjusting ink stability and colloidal chemistry as well as perovskite grain growth kinetics during the printing process, the printing preparation of high-efficiency rigid and flexible large-area modules can be fulfilled.
This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (52063019, 51973088, 51833004, U20A20128).
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