Publication date: 17th February 2025
We present a soft lithography-based synthesis approach for directly growing patterned single-crystalline halide perovskite microarrays either on top of a bulk perovskite layer, directly on substrates, or embedded in a pre-patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp. This confined growth technique can make single-crystalline halide perovskite structures with dimensions ranging from 100 nm to 10μm. We demonstrate shape control, allowing for periodic photonic structures made from the perovskite, such as zone plates and micro lens arrays. This way, the perovskite acts as the emitter and the lensing element. Structural characterization reveals: (i) The XRD pattern confirms the purity of the single- crystalline phase, showing sharp (100) diffraction peaks with a FWHM of 0.043°, indicating high single-crystalline quality; (ii) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows well-defined, uniform patterns with partially filled domes and faceted edges, suggesting a preferential growth along cubic crystallographic directions influenced by the halide perovskite crystal structure. (iii) Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurement demonstrates that the perovskite nearly replicates the master, particularly the zone plate, with a height control of approximately 100 nm in the patterned regions. Optical characterization reveals that the optoelectronic quality is preserved, with UV-vis spectra showing sharp absorption edges at 550 nm across all patterned regions. Our method enables the monolithic integration of photonic arrays with bulk perovskite emitters, offering three significant advancements: (1) sub-micron patterning of single-crystalline perovskites without post-growth processing, (2) retention of optoelectronic performance in confined-growth architectures, and (3) seamless integration of photonic elements directly into light-emitting layers. This platform establishes a pathway for achieving intrinsic directional light emission in perovskite systems—eliminating the need for external photonic components and advancing prospects for on-chip perovskite optoelectronics.
Prof. Dr. Erik Garnett
Dr. Jerome Gautier
Dr. Fanny Thorimbert
Marcel Kouwenhoven
Daan Methorst
Ing. Marc Duursma
Nanoscale Solar Cell group members
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