Publication date: 17th February 2025
Ambient fabrication of perovskite layer is economically advantageous for reducing the manufacturing costs of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the high sensitivity of the perovskite adducts to environmental stresses (i.e., moisture, oxygen) poses challenges for achieving high-quality perovskite fabrication in ambient air. To address this issue, perovskite precursor modification by additives, which has been shown to be an effective approach, is required to enable formation of high-quality perovskite absorber under ambient conditions[1]. Unfortunately, various promising additives for the perovskite precursor modification are toxic materials, making them unsuitable for PSC manufacturing in ambient atmosphere due to their associated health hazards and environmental contaminations. Polysaccharides are abundant, low-cost, and non-toxic natural polymers with numerous hydroxyl groups (-OH), which could assist formation of the perovskite and minimize defects in the perovskite absorber[2]. However, roles of polysaccharide structure on perovskite formation and cross-linking behavior under ambient conditions have not been systematically explored. In this study, we investigate influence of polymeric structure of polysaccharide additives on formation of high-quality cesium-formamidinium lead halide (CsFA) perovskite films under 50% relative humidity (RH). Our study reveals that linear polysaccharide significantly improve efficiency of ambient-fabricated carbon-based PSCs from 14.05% to 16.17%. Furthermore, we will also discuss impact of the polymeric structure on perovskite formation and defect passivation, which affect device performance. In addition, we also found that polymeric structure of the polysaccharide also plays main role on crosslinking of the polysaccharide under heat and moisture, producing natural barrier with different morphology surround perovskite grains. This natural barrier can extend lifetime of our unencapsulated devices by 2.7 times during short-term operational stability test under 50-60% RH, 25°C, and 1 Sun-AM1.5G conditions (ISOS-L-1). Ultimately, this study shows potentials of natural materials to enhance efficiency and stability of ambient-fabricated PSCs, which paves the way for greener and more sustainable PSC manufacturing.
This research was funded by Thailand Science research and Innova- tion Fund Chulalongkorn University, and The Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation (B41G670026). Additionally, C.H. gratefully acknowledges the scholarship from the Development and Promotion of Science and Technology Talents Project (DPST) and the 90th Anniversary of Chulalongkorn University Scholarship for financial supports in PhD research.
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