Publication date: 17th February 2025
Researchers are making significant strides in the search for new photovoltaic materials to enhance the stability of highly efficient hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs), as the highly efficient hybrid PSCs demonstrate susceptibility to degradation under elevated humidity.[1] All-inorganic perovskites, particularly black-phase (α, β, or γ) CsPbI3, show promise with a 1.70 eV bandgap, superior thermal stability, and up to 22% efficiency.[2,3] However, the structural instability of CsPbI3 remains a major challenge, as its photoactive phases (α, β, γ) spontaneously transition to the photoinactive δ-phase at room temperature. This instability is attributed to its borderline tolerance factor (~0.8) and phase transitions triggered by moisture and ambient conditions.[4]
Incorporating additives like dimethylammonium iodide (DMAI) has improved phase stability but requires high processing temperatures (>200 °C) and controlled (inert or dry) environments.[5] Addressing these limitations, this study explores butylammonium acetate (BAAc) to enhance β-CsPbI3 film formation at 160 °C under ambient conditions. BAAc improves crystallization by interacting with DMAPbI3, facilitating DMA+ removal and producing more stable devices. The resulting PSCs achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.6% in ambient air and retained over 80% of their initial PCE after 500 hours of illumination (ISOS-L-1). Additionally, remarkable shelf-life storage stability was observed, with over 95% of the initial PCE retained after 10000 hours of storage. This cost-effective, environmentally friendly approach not only broadens fabrication conditions and improves device stability but also enhances the potential for scalable PSC manufacturing, reassuring the scientific community of its practicality.
The authors acknowledge CSIRO’s Research-Plus Postdoctoral grant and the Australian Centre of Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), funded by the Australian Government through the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA).
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