Publication date: 17th February 2025
The world record efficiency of the Pb-free Sn-perovskite solar cells in the paper is 15.7%. We now report 15.3% efficiency. According to the calculation, in the grain boundary of Sn-perovskite layer, p-type defects such as Sn vacancy are apt to form. It is shown that Lewis base passivation, such as S atm, N atm, O atom, and so on, is effective for decreasing the defect density1). We proved the calculation results experimentally by using ethylene diamine, PCBM, and 5-mercapto-1-methyltetrazole tin salt, giving 15.3% efficiency 2,3,4). These additives made the energy band alignment optimized and make the crystal size larger, in addition to lower the defect concentration. The durability of the Sn based perovskite is another research item. We improved the thermal stability at 85 ℃ by suppressing ion migration by introducing ion-migration blocking layer. We analyzed these items which cause thermal degradation. The thermal stability of SnPb alloyed perovskite solar cells was also improved in the same way5). Finaly, we show the direction to improve these efficiencies and stabilities.
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