Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV23)
Publication date: 30th March 2023
The interest in novel photovoltaic materials, especially perovskites, increased rapidly. Within a decade, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) attained a record efficiency of 25,7% by 2022 (UNIST, Korea). Thereby, the development of PSCs draws more and more attention due to their highly efficient and cost-effective energy generation on Earth and now, even for space applications. Properties such as high specific power (power-to-weight ratio), compatibility with lightweight flexible substrates, and high radiation resistance show that PSCs have the potential of being the next generation of space photovoltaics [1].
The goal of PÆROSPACE project is to investigate performance and stability of a different number of PSC configurations under space conditions. In regard of this project, the Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv) at the University of Stuttgart is researching on ultra-low weight, temperature and radiation stable perovskite devices.
In light of this, ipv solar cells were tested on a high-altitude stratosphere balloon of the KSat (small satellite student society at the University of Stuttgart). The BUBBLE is a series of helium-filled balloons for conducting research experiments in the stratosphere. The knowledge about the behavior of perovskite solar cells in the stratospheric conditions (e.g. low ambient pressure of 5 mbar and temperatures down to -60°C) is the base for a successful application in space.
For this purpose, two material compositions of PSCs were mounted on top of the gondola of the balloon. The sun irradiance is measured using a spectrometer, and the I-V characteristics are recorded by means of a mobile characterization unit with a microcontroller. From this data, the efficiencies of the solar cells can be calculated. To investigate the time resolved stability of the solar cells under stratospheric conditions, visible light spectroscopy using an on-board spectrometer is employed. Moreover, a 3D printed holder board is designed to contact the PSCs.