Fully Printed and Industrially Scalable Semitransparent OPV Modules: Navigating through Material and Processing Constraints
Josua Wachsmuth a, Andreas Distler a, Chao Liu a, Thomas Heumüller a b, Christoph J. Brabec a b, Hans-Joachim Egelhaaf a b
a Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Martensstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
b Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (FZJ), Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV23)
London, United Kingdom, 2023 June 12th - 14th
Organizers: Tracey Clarke, James Durrant and Trystan Watson
Poster, Josua Wachsmuth, 180
Publication date: 30th March 2023

While the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaics (OPV) on small-area lab cells has been rapidly increasing during the last years, the performance on module level and the availability of OPV modules on the market is still limited due to specific constraints imposed by the industrial production process. This work deals with the upscaling process of latest generation organic photovoltaics (OPV) from small lab cells to fully solution-processed modules. We demonstrate this transfer step by step from material selection and process optimization for every single layer of the stack (ETL, AL, HTL, and top electrode), through long-term stability investigations (thermal and light) to scaling up the device area by a factor of >100 (to >10 cm²), finally yielding a semitransparent OPV module with >8% PCE, which is among the highest reported values for semitransparent, fully solution-processed OPV modules. The individual developments all meet the requirements for industrial roll-to-roll (R2R) printing (green solvents, processing in air, annealing constraints…), which ensures that both the optimized layer stack and the fabrication process are fully scalable and easily transferable to large-scale production.

We hereby acknowledge funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 952911 (“BOOSTER”). Further we would like to thank all the project partners from the “BOOSTER” project for the collaboration and their great support. The authors thank the research group of Prof. Yinhua Zhou at the Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (China), for providing PEDOT:F. The authors also acknowledge the ‘Solar Factory of the Future’ as part of the Energy Campus Nuremberg (EnCN), which is supported by the Bavarian State Government (FKZ 20.2-3410.5-4-5). H.-J.E. and C.B. acknowledge funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 INFRAIA program under grant agreement No. 101008701 (“EMERGE”).

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