Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV23)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.hopv.2023.116
Publication date: 30th March 2023
Organic solar cells have made large strides with power conversion efficiencies exceeding 18% and the milestone of 20% well within sight1. The emergence of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) has played a vital role in these advancements2. Particularly, there have been extensive studies focusing on the process of free charge generation in organic blends comprising of NFAs with polymeric donors having low energy offset3,4. Adding to this discussion, we systematically explore the role of offset on charge transfer dynamics at bulk heterojunction interfaces between polymeric donor PM6 and two structurally similar NFAs from the Y-series acceptor family, namely Y5 and Y6. Herein, Y5 is found to have a relatively lower offset between the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) in PM6:Y5 as compared to PM6:Y6. The low offset in case of PM6:Y5 leads to enhancement in open circuit voltage as compared to the optimized blends of PM6:Y6, however this enhancement comes at cost of reduced short circuit current densities and poor fill factors. Here, PM6:Y5 blends are found to show strong voltage dependence of free charge generation as seen through time delayed collection field (TDCF) measurements along with its complete anticorrelation with the bias-dependence of steady state photoluminescence quenching of the blend. Using transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS), we show that the poor free charge generation in optimized PM6:Y5 (1:1.2) blend as compared to PM6:Y6 originates due to the differences in interfacial kinetics which contributes towards poor exciton dissociation yields. We verify the role of interfacial energetics using blends with low acceptor (Y5/Y6) content to avoid contributions from morphology-dependent exciton diffusion. This work underlines the importance of energetic offset on charge generation and in contrast to the earlier reports, indicates that vanishing HOMO-
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HOMO offset can be detrimental to overall device performance.