Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV23)
Publication date: 30th March 2023
The use of bathocuproine (BCP) as an electron transport layer (ETL) in fullerene-based organic solar cells (OSCs) has been a common practice for decades. However, its application in non-fullerene acceptor (NFA)-based OSCs has been limited due to unfavorable chemical interactions between BCP and NFA, resulting in poor device performance. This study presents the successful application of a newly synthesized amine-functionalized bathocuproine (BCPN) as an ETL in NFA-based OSCs for the first time, achieving power conversion efficiencies of 15.5% and 16.7% for PM6:Y6 and PM6:BTP-ec9, respectively. The photostability of NFA-based OSCs built using BCPN as the ETL showed significant improvement compared to BCP, with T80 values of ~140 hours and 100 hours for PM6:Y6 and PM6:BTP-ec9, respectively, under continuous photoirradiation. This improvement was attributed to the prevention of conjugated bond breakage in the NFAs due to the amination of the BCP moiety (BCPN). This is substantiated by the observation that the surface morphology of BCPN on the bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) layer remains intact, while that of BCP on the BHJ layer is entirely degraded. Furthermore, the behavior of charge extraction properties in NFA-based OSCs built using BCPN and BCP was also investigated, showing that BCPN preserved the charge extraction property in the NFA-based OSCs. This study suggests that BCPN is a promising alternative to BCP for use in NFA-based OSCs, offering improved photostability while maintaining device performance. The results demonstrate the potential of BCPN as a desirable ETL material for improving the photostability of NFA-based OSCs without sacrificing power conversion efficiency.
Y. R. Kim and S. Lee contributed equally to this work. We thank the Heeger Center for Advanced Materials (HCAM) at the Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) of Korea for help with device fabrication and measurements. H. K and K. L. also acknowledge support provided by the GIST Research Institute (GRI), RISE, grant funded by the GIST in 2023. H. Suh acknowledges support from the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2020R1I1A3061306). In addition, this research was supported by the Global Research Laboratory (GRL) Program of the NRF funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (NRF-2017K1A1A2013153). H. K also acknowledges the financial support from the National Foundation of Korea (NRF) grand funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) (NRF-2021R1F1A1061175) and in part by the program of Future Hydrogen Original Technology Development (2021M3I3A1084747), through the NRF, funded by the Korean government (MSIT). The authors express thanks to the staff of the Center for Research Facilities at Chonnam National University for extending their support to perform XPS analysis.
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