Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV23)
Publication date: 30th March 2023
Fullerenes and their derivatives have appealed as effective electron transfer layer (ETL) in the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing to their demonstrated high electron mobilities and suitable energy band alignment with the perovskite layer. Among them, phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is the most commonly used fullerene derivative as ETL in PSCs, especially in planar-type structures. However, the difficulties in preparing high-quality PCBM films with a uniform and dense morphology limit the device performance due to nonradiative recombination at the interface between the perovskite and ETL. Moreover, photo-induced dimerization of PCBM was found to deteriorate solar cells' electronic properties during light operation. Therefore, the rational modification of fullerene molecules with exceptional electrical properties and improved stability toward light is highly demanded.
Herein, solution-processable azahomofullerene derivatives were demonstrated as effective and novel n-type acceptor materials delivering high efficiencies and improved stability in planar-type PSCs.[1][2] A set of azahomofullerenes was synthesized with various ending functional groups outside the C60 cage, which are assumed to tune their electrical properties and band energy levels. The effects of these molecules on the charge-extraction ability, trap state density within the perovskite layer, and recombination kinetics within the device are systematically investigated. We also revealed the interfacial interactions of their chemical moieties with the perovskite and ETL layers via experiments and simulations. These studies provide a novel avenue for designing fullerene-based materials to prepare efficient PSCs with improved stability.
D. P. acknowledges the National Science Centre (Grant SONATA BIS 10, No. 2020/38/E/ST5/00267) for financial support.
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