Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV22)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.hopv.2022.083
Publication date: 20th April 2022
Despite the promising properties of tin halide perovskites (Sn-HPs), one of the most relevant handicaps lies on the fast Sn+2 oxidation, which drastically limits the preparation of highly efficient and long-lasting photovoltaic devices. Our recent studies have also revealed a direct correlation between the halide’s reactivity and the formation of crystalline defects that detrimentally affect the device's performance, and contribute to the Sn-HP degradation. Aimed at minimizing these dramatic limitations, a synthetic procedure based on a synergistic chemical engineering approach, that consists on adding a bulky cation, together with a reducing agent which prevents premature oxidative reactions, has been developed. This strategy allows obtaining photoconversion efficiencies (PCEs) above 10% with an unprecedented stability at operating conditions. More specifically, the initial PCE remains unchanged upon 5 hours in air (60% RH) at maximum-power-point (MPP), and remarkably, 96% of the initial PCE is retained after 1300 hours at MPP in N2. To the best of our knowledge, these are the highest stability values reported for unencapsulated Sn-HP based solar cells. Interestingly, our findings demonstrate a beneficial synergistic effect when these additives are incorporated, highlight the important role of iodide on the performance upon light-soaking and ultimately, unveil mechanistic details that manifest the relevance of controlling the halides chemistry towards a successful improvement of the photovoltaics technology based on Sn-HPs.