Proceedings of 13th Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV21)
Publication date: 11th May 2021
Some fundamental questions regarding to the solar cell efficiencies of are related to morphology and structures of the semiconductor thin films and transport layers. Research on solution-processable semiconductors has achieved significant fundamental and technological advancements over the last decade, in large part due to improvements in characterization techniques to understand these materials at different length scales. In a device stack, photoactive layer consisting of planar heterojunction (e.g., metal halide perovskites) or bulk heterojunction (e.g., donor-acceptor D-A conjugated polymers, and their blends) morphology is sandwiched between with hole- (HTL) and electron transport layers (ETL). The charge transport in such devices strongly depends on morphology and solid-state organization of molecular entities. Specifically, interfaces between the device layers, or with in the photoactive layer itself, manifest compositional and structural heterogeneities which are difficult to measure and understand at molecular-level details. Here, we show that the high field solid-state (ss)NMR spectroscopy is a valuable tool to address a number of pertinent questions related to interfacial interactions in metal halide perovskites (MHPs) and D-A contacts in BHJ thin films, and HTLs. SsNMR spectroscopy does not require long-range order and is best suited to study short-range (sub-nanometer to nanometer) structures in ordered and disordered regions of these materials.[1-5] Interfacial structures elucidated by 2D ssNMR techniques in 3D perovskites, 2D layered perovskites and non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) BHJ solar cells [2,3] and chemically doped polymers will be discussed.[6] In addition, we demonstrate that ssNMR results and analyses are best used when supported by complementary methods such as X-ray scattering and modelling techniques for the study of organic and hybrid semiconductors and their blends.
References:
[1] C. Dahlman et al, Chemistry of Materials, 2021, 33, 642-656
[2] A. Kazemi et al, Small Methods, 2021, 5, 2000834
[3] A. Karki et al, Energy & Environmental Science, 2020, 13, 3679-3692
[4] A. Karki et al, Advanced Materials, 2019, 31, 1903868
[5] M. Seifrid et al, Nature Reviwes Materials, 2020, 5, 910-930
[6] B. Yurash et al, Chemistry of Materials, 2019, 31, 17, 6715-6725
This work is carried out in close collaboration with Professor Thuc-Quyen Nugyen and Professor Michael Chabinyc groups (University of California Santa Barbara, USA), and Dr. Frédéric Sauvage group (Univ. Picardie Jules Verne, France). We acknowledge the support from EU H2020 (Grant No. 795091), and IR-RMN-THC FR-3050 CNRS France for conducting ssNMR measurements. F.S. acknowledges the finantial support from Région Hauts-de-France, FEDER, and Electricité de France (EDF) through the program PEROVSTAB. Materials synthesis and characterization is supported by the department of Navy, Office of Naval Research (T-Q N. acknowledges the Award No. N00014-14-1-0580) and U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, (M.C acknowledges the award number DE-SC-0012541).
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