Proceedings of 13th Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV21)
Publication date: 11th May 2021
Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) can be used in its black (cubic perovskite) phase as a light absorber in single-junction solar cells. This material has a relatively narrow bandgap (~1.55 eV) and high decomposition temperature (320°C). However, the black phase is unstable at room temperature and transforms in less than 1 day into a yellow, non-photoactive form. Black phase can be recovered by the following thermal annealing at 180°C for 2 min. These two states, as-synthesized and recovered, were considered as the same phase in literature. Even more, this phase was usually defined as a perfectly cubic perovskite. Indeed, XRD analysis is not capable to discern between the photo-active FAPbI3 states, including the high temperature one (T > 180°C). In contrast, our Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence measurements have shown clear difference between as-synthesized, degraded and recovered FAPbI3 samples. A temperature dependent study revealed phase transition in black FAPbI3 at around 110°C. Detailed consideration of this transition disclosed that the room temperature polymorphs have a distorted cubic structure, such as Im-3. The structural stability deduced from the Raman spectra was discussed for each polymorph.
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Scholarship Becas Chile-DAAD 2017/91645541 and the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi) under contract number 0324095H (speedCIGS).
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