Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV19)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.hopv.2020.100
Publication date: 6th February 2020
Lead halide perovskites have been demonstrated as high performance materials in solar cells and light-emitting devices. These materials are characterized by coherent band transport expected from crystalline semiconductors, but dielectric responses and phonon dynamics typical of liquids. Here we explain the essential physics in this class of materials based their dielectric functions or dynamic symmetry breaking on microscopic level [1]. We show that the dielectric function of a hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite (LHP) possesses combined characteristics of a polar liquid and a ferroelectric material. The latter response in the THz region may lead to dynamic and local ordering of polar nano domains by an extra electron or hole, resulting a quasiparticle which we call a ferroelectric large polaron, a concept similar to solvation in chemistry. Compared to a conventional large polaron, the collective nature of polarization in a ferroelectric large polaron may give rise to order(s)-of-magnitude larger reduction in the Coulomb potential and introduce potential barriers to charge carrier scattering. The ferroelectric large polaron may explain the defect tolerance and low recombination rates of charge carriers in lead halide perovskites, as well as providing a design principle for high performance semiconductors from nano, molecular, and hybrid materials.
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