Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV18)
Publication date: 21st February 2018
Because of their potential application in multi-junction solar cells, wide bandgap (Eg > 1.7 eV) polymers are still of interest for further development. With poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as one of the first successful wide bandgap polymers, attempts have been made on changing the polymer structure of P3HT in order to increase its performance in organic photovoltaics. Introducing ester side chains has been reported before to be an effective strategy in lowering the energy levels and increasing open-circuit voltage. The aggregation behavior of conjugated polymers can have a large effect on the optical and electronic properties and therefore on polymer solar cell performance. A perfect balance needs to be found between that of solubility and processability and the formation of aggregated particles, forming ordered polymer domains and facilitating good charge transport.
The previously reported PDC-T-EH is modified by removing the branching nature of the alkyl side chains while retaining the number of carbon atoms. By introducing linear octyl side chains the aggregation behavior can be tuned, while largely retaining solubility. With the initial optical and electronic properties very similar to that of the sister polymer with 2-ethylhexyl side chains, the aggregation behavior is found to be vastly different. Aggregation behavior of the PDC-T-C8 polymer more resembles that of P3HT. Pre-aggregation in solution afforded a highly aggregated dispersion, which would, surprisingly, revert to its disaggregated state upon film formation. Nevertheless, slightly higher photovoltaic performance are obtained mainly due to an increased short-circuit current and fill factor, with a PCE of 5.6 %. Thermal annealing was found to broaden the absorption spectrum a little with the emergence of an aggregation shoulder, but short-circuit current diminished as a result of a too large phase separation.
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