Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes as Electrodes in Perovskite Single Crystal Light Emitting Electrochemical Cells

Pavao Andricevic^a, Xavier Mettan^a, Márton Kollár^a, Bálint Náfrádi^a, Andrzej Sienkiewicz^a, Tonko Garma^b, László Forró^a, Endre Horváth^a

^aLaboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (LPMC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

^bPower Engineering Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split

International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV18)

Benidorm, Spain, 2018 May 28th - 31st

Organizers: Emilio Palomares and Rene Janssen

Oral, Pavao Andricevic, presentation 148
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.hopv.2018.148
Publication date: 21st February 2018

We demonstrate that single crystals of methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr₃) could be grown directly on vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) forests.[1] The fast-growing MAPbBr₃ single crystals engulfed the protogenetic inclusions in the form of individual CNTs, thus resulting in a three-dimensionally enlarged photosensitive interface. Photodetector devices were obtained, detecting low light intensities (~20 nW) from UV range to 550 nm. Moreover, a photocurrent was recorded at zero external bias voltage which points to the plausible formation of a p-n junction resulting from interpenetration of MAPbBr₃ single crystals into the VACNT forest.

Moreover, bright green electroluminescence of the MAPbBr₃ single crystals, using symmetrical VACNT electrodes, was observed at room temperature for both polarities.[2] The electroluminescence spectra and light intensity was recorded from room temperature to cryogenic temperatures (20 K). The underlying mechanism behind the light emission is the well documented ion migration. In fact charged ions or vacancies inside the perovskite, drift under an external electric field accumulating at the cathode and anode, forming a p-i-n heterojunction structure. These characteristics have a strong similarity with the operational mechanism of polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs), especially the device structure and the involvement of mobile ions for efficient electroluminescence.

This reveals that vertically aligned CNTs can be used as electrodes in operationally stable perovskite-based optoelectronic devices and can serve as a versatile platform for future selective electrode development.

[1] Andričević et al. J. Phys. Chem. C 2017, acs. jpcc.7b03421

[2] Andričević et al. - Submitted manuscript

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (No. 513733) and the ERC advanced grant “PICOPROP” (Grant No. 670918).

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