Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV18)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.hopv.2018.037
Publication date: 21st February 2018
Due to their unique opto-electronic properties, metal halide perovskites are of great interest as solar energy material. At present, non-radiative losses prevent solar cell efficiencies to reach their theoretical maximum. In this work we suppressed the non-radiative decay in methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) layers by exposing them to a light soaking treatment under ambient conditions. First of all, this treatment leads to an increase of the internal photoluminescence quantum efficiency from around 1% to 89%. Additionally, time-resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC) data demonstrate that the charge carrier lifetime increases from 6 μs to 32 μs. By applying a kinetic model to fit the TRMC traces, we find that the treatment reduces the non-radiative band-to-band recombination between electrons and holes, while the mobility and the trap density remain constant. We attribute the increase in carrier lifetimes to an increased fraction of radiative recombination, leading to enhanced recycling of carriers.* Next, these light soaking studies were extended to mixed cation, mixed halide perovskites, (FA0.79MA0.16Cs0.05) Pb (I1-xBrx)3 which are known to undergo phase separation under continuous illumination. For x < 0.5 we find that on light soaking in a nitrogen environment, the charge carrier lifetime increases, while for x > 0.5 the lifetime is reduced. Again, the charge carrier mobilities of the mixed perovskites are not affected by light soaking, which implies that the material properties of the perovskite are not influenced by light soaking. In contrast, the decay pathways have changed by light soaking. By analysing the TRMC traces, we propose that for x< 0.5 light soaking leads to a reduction of the number of shallow states. The above results help to provide a framework for which I/Br ratio the best performance and stability can be expected.
*Brenes, R.; Guo, D.; Osherov, A.; Noel, N. K.; Eames, C.; Hutter, E. M.; Pathak, S. K.; Niroui, F.; Friend, R. H.; Islam, M. S.; Snaith, H. J.; Bulović, V.; Savenije, T. J.; Stranks, S. D., Metal Halide Perovskite Polycrystalline Films Exhibiting Properties of Single Crystals. Joule 2017, 1 (1), 155-167.
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