Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV16)
Publication date: 28th March 2016
Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) and Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) are now used as p-type light absorbing layers in many commercially available heterojunction PV applications. When compared to conventional Crystalline Silicon solar cells, benefits include improved photoresponse in low light conditions, as well as compatibility with flexible substrates. However, due to the rarity of Indium and Tellurium, both CIGS and CdTe are expected to experience supply issues and increasing costs in the future. Kesterite Copper Zinc Tin Sulphide/Selenide (CZTS(Se)) is a non-toxic material containing only earth abundant elements, and is a promising candidate to act as an absorber layer in future large scale flexible PV applications. CZTS(Se) is proven to be solution processable and has a record power conversion efficiency of approximately 12%, and in pure selenide form has a bang gap of approximately 1.1eV. Perovskite based materials have achieved efficiencies of up to approximately 21% and are solution processable via simple deposition techniques. With a band gap of up to approximately 2.3eV, perovskites could be an ideal counterpart to CZTSe in a tandem solar cell. There is also potential for common materials to be used for other layers in both Perovskite and Kesterite solar cells, for example zinc oxide or metal sulphides, which further lends these materials to a hybrid device. An investigation into the manufacture of Perovskite-Kesterite hybrid cells is a possible route to efficient and flexible large scale PV.